How To Become A Ghostwriter In 8 Steps

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How Can I Write My Personal Statement in One Night

It’s the worst place to find yourself—the night before your college apps are due with nothing but a blank word doc before you. Check out these tips for how make it work even at the very last minute, from Ethan Sawyer the College Essay Guy. First of all, if there is anything in this bright and beautiful world you can do to help it, please do not write your personal statement for college in one night. Having said that, if you’ve TOTALLY procrastinated and it’s the night before your application’s due and you MUST write (or re-write) your essay in one night, here’s how to do it: 1. First, take 15 minutes to do these Objects and Values Exercises. 2. Get a blank sheet of paper, draw a vertical line down the middle, at the top of the right column write the word â€Å"My Values,† and list your 3-5 most important values, with space in between. (Example: â€Å"knowledge† – skip an inch – â€Å"nature†Ã¢â‚¬â€œ skip an inch – â€Å"music.†) 3. In the left column, beside each value, describe an image of you developing or expressing that value. (Example: beside the value of â€Å"knowledge† you write â€Å"I sometimes stay up ‘til 3am surfing obscure Wikipedia articles† or beside the value of â€Å"nature† you write â€Å"going camping alone with just a tent, my journal and five pounds of trail mix.† You get the idea.) Everything in the left column should be visual, like a snapshot or scene from a movie. 4. Put your little movies in order-–chronological often works-–and write transitions that give the essay a sense of flow†¦ but don’t yet mention the values! 5. A) If you have a specific career in mind, describe in the final paragraph how these values will serve you in that career. B) If you have no idea what you will study, describe in the final paragraph how you will carry these values with you into and beyond college no matter what career you choose. 6. For examples of what this looks like, check out the Scrapbook and Five Families essays. And that’s it! However, if youre not panicked and want to do this essay thing in a more carefully thought-out way, go here to get started. For more personal statement help, visit me at www.collegeessayguy.com. Ethan Sawyer, the College Essay Guy, has been helping students tell their stories for more than ten years. He is a graduate of Northwestern University, received an MFA from UC Irvine, and received two counseling certifications, one from UC Irvine and another from the Interchange Counseling Institute. Hes also a certified Myers-Briggs ® specialist and his type (ENFJ) will tell you that he will show up on time, hell be excited to meet you, and, more than anything, hes committed toand an expert inhelping you realize your potential.

The Rage Against Trade By The New York Times Editorial...

The Rage Against Trade This opinion piece written by the New York Times editorial board analyzes the two major presidential candidates positions on international trade deals, primarily President-elect Donald Trump’s proposed isolationist policies. The article examines the increasingly common perception among the American public that trade agreements such as NAFTA and the TPP are responsible for causing economic hardships due to prioritizing global interests over American interests. The writers of this article oppose this view and present evidence to refute it. The authors have a liberal viewpoint on this issue and are pro-free trade, however they do concede that there are certain issues that need to be resolved as a result of these trade agreements. They disagree with Trump, viewing his statements as â€Å"nothing more than hot air†. The article sets out to dispel some common myths about international free trade deals and also takes a look at the development of the anti-free trade sentiment i n the United States over the years. Clinton currently opposes the TPP, however in the past she has praised it and called it the â€Å"gold standard† of international trade deals (Memoli). She seems to have shifted her views during the Democratic primaries against Bernie Sanders, who opposed the TPP his entire campaign, putting into question her true viewpoint. Meanwhile, Trump has consistently railed against international trade deals since the 1980s, when he criticized the US for importingShow MoreRelatedProtecting Privacy and Securing the Nation in the 21st Century1770 Words   |  8 PagesThe idea of privacy protection for private citizens is rooted in history back to the Magna Carta. With the passage of time and the evolution of communication the laws of the United States have attempted to ensure a balance between security of the nation and protecting privacy. The current state of privacy and the law is now in a state of flux as citizens have begun to rely more and more on technological means of communication and have integrated privacy invading technology into their daily livesRead MoreBusiness Journalism in India26104 Words   |  105 Pages eclipse of the general interest magazines, (5) stagnation of news magazines, scope for special interest magazines. The role of the consumers purchasing power more important than editorial content 8 Magazines during post emergency boom Success of ‘India Today’. How can magazines (5) compete with the challenge posed by TV which now covers sports, celebrities, life style, news and business. How to find out if there is a niche for new magazines. Comment on Travel, Health, Technology and career-guidanceRead MoreMarketing and Page Ref14698 Words   |  59 Pages________ is a need that is sufficiently pressing to direct a person to seek satisfaction. Nathan Zabalas owns a regional chain of drug stores. Before expanding nationwide, Nathan is conducting marketing research to determine the best options for opening new stores. He plans to start by collecting secondary data. Which of the following is NOT a source of secondary data that Nathan might use? The Niketown running club that organizes twice weekly evening runs and follow-up meetings in the Nike Store isRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesU.S.A. 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Copyright  © 2009, 2006, 2004, 2001, 1998, 1995, 1992, 1989, 1986, 1981, 1976 John Wiley SonsRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesMcGraw−Hill Primis text may include materials submitted to McGraw−Hill for publication by the instructor of this course. The instructor is solely responsible for the editorial content of such materials. 111 MANGGEN ISBN: 0−390−58539−4 Management Contents Feigenbaum−Feigenbaum †¢ The Power of Management Capital 1. New Management for Business Growth in a Demanding Economy 1 1 Text Jones−George †¢ Contemporary Management, Fourth Edition I. Management 17 17 2. The EvolutionRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pages198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 Oxford University Press is a department of the University of Oxford It furthers the Universitys objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education by publishing worldwide in Oxford New York Auckland Bangkok Buenos Aires Cape Town Chennai Dar es Salaam Delhi Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kolkata Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Mumbai Nairobi Sà £o Paulo Shanghai Taipei Tokyo Toronto Oxford is a registered trade mark of Oxford UniversityRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 Pages—University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services: Ashley Santora Acquisitions Editor: Brian Mickelson Editorial Project Manager: Sarah Holle Editorial Assistant: Ashlee Bradbury VP Director of Marketing: Patrice Lumumba JonesRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pagesothers who should know better) to trivialize this very problematic and challenging subject. This is not the case with the present book. This is a book that deserves to achieve a wide readership. 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Hell In John Miltons Paradise Lost Hell - 1034 Words

John Milton’s Paradise Lost: Hell Term Paper Hell has a very long history; it comes up even before Christianity where the idea of hell has been mentioned across many different cultures. Over the period of many centuries, the concept of hell has changed and developed. To further understand John Milton’s description of hell in his poem â€Å"Paradise Lost† it would be a good idea to look at what the standard notion of hell in Europe before or during the 17th century. When looking back at the middle ages in Europe, hell was thought to be at the very center of the earth, was a place that could be found and located, and the inhabitants of hell were believed to be sinners from their life on earth. As the Middle Ages came to a close and as the†¦show more content†¦The fall, is a reoccurring theme within â€Å"Paradise Lost,† for many reasons because it takes place in a physical dimension as well as falling in the moral sense. â€Å"Now the fall refers to the first human transgression of divine command † (Danielson, p. 147). What is hell? Two standard features are associated with hell one is fire and the other is darkness. When reading this back, it sounds quite funny because usually when you think of fire, you associated with light. However, the impressions that are given show quite the opposite: â€Å"on all sides round/ as one great furnace flamed, yet those flames/ no light, but rather darkness visible† (Milton 63). The phrase â€Å"darkness visible† seems to be an oxymoron but is also meaningful to the poem because it is supposed to compare to heavens blinding lights to hells darkness that is so evil is so pure that is visible. When looking at Hells environment, there’re many similarities between Hell and earth. In hell, there still mountains rivers hills and planes but instead of rivers full of cold water and mountains full of trees and wildlife in hell the lakes and rivers are described as having no water but being of liquid fire instead. Inst ead of plains with rolling wheat fields, in hell, they are lands that have been burned and are desolate and wild. Hell does not only just show the Extreme of fire, but it also shows the opposite as well, the cold. The function that cold has was in thisShow MoreRelatedEvil in Disguise in John Milton ´s Paradise Lost793 Words   |  4 Pagesto become fallen angels as God expelled the traitors from the heavens. John Milton wished to write a poem by which he could be remembered as the authors of the odyssey, Iliad, and the Aeneid. He did this in the form an epic poem about the story of Eden. Milton’s poem is written from the point of view of Satan and in such a way that he appears to be the heroic figure of the tale. Satan is given lines to uplift the demons of hell, seeming to empower them and as he sets off to derail the lives of AdamRead MoreIs Satan A Hero Or Villain?1258 Words   |  6 PagesIs Satan a Hero or a Villain? An Analysis of Milton’s Paradise Lost The heroic qualities of Satan in John Milton’s Paradise Lost are overwhelmingly masked by his ‘satanic’ and villainous acts which qualify his character to fall into a category of villain rather than hero. Paradise Lost is an epic poem and like all epic poems, requires an epic hero with a tragic flaw. The tragic flaws of Satan are too prominent and effectual to call him an epic hero, but rather these flaws, or evil characteristicsRead MoreHeroic in Paradise Lost by John Lost Essay1637 Words   |  7 PagesThe theme of the heroic in John Miltons Paradise Lost is one that has often been the focus of critical debate, namely in the debate surrounding which character is the true hero of the poem. Most critics of the subject have, however, noted that the difficultly in defining the hero of Miltons work is mainly due to our â€Å"vague understanding of what constitutes heroism†1 and the fact that â€Å"the term itself is equivocal†2. The vague terming of w hat heroism can be defined as it what draws criticsRead MoreSatan As A Hero And A Villain916 Words   |  4 PagesHero and a Villain (Analysis of Satan in John Milton’s Paradise Lost) John Milton created Paradise Lost out of twelve books of well constructed poetry. A poem depicting and going into detail of the story of Adam and Eve, man’s creation and fall. The poem focuses on the actions of one particular character, Satan. Milton introduces his readers to Satan in Book I as a hero, trying to get revenge against God for throwing him out of Heaven, being banished to Hell. But as Satan carries on with his vengefulRead MoreMachiavelli s View Of A Good Ruler1232 Words   |  5 Pagespolitics from moral law. John Milton was a highly-renowned English poet (often called the greatest writer of his time) who lived in 17th century England whose convictions of liberty and autonomy influenced his writings and especially his most-notable work: Paradise Lost. Paradise Lost is hailed as possibly one of the greatest epic poems of all time that excelled where all previous epics had not. Milton was also an active reader of Machiavelli. John Milton’s Paradise Lost is an epic possibly createdRead MoreThe Power And Lure Of Satan1365 Words   |  6 Pagesbible, no other author has thoroughly written thoughts which have resounded in the minds of those that have read John Milton’s â€Å"Paradise Lost†. Milton’s epic tale of Paradise Lost has become biblical folklore and even Christians who have not fully read the Bible rely upon the representations and indulgences that Milton presented through his embellishments of fact. Milton’s paradise lost is considered by critics to be one of the greatest literary cannons of all time and is undoubtedly a source ofRead MoreJohn Milton : A Strong Advocate Of Political Liberty Essay1659 Words   |  7 Pagespolitical liberty, John Milton was a poet during the Renaissance (Puchner 2742). He was born on December 9, 1608 in London to a middle class family. His parents were John Milton, Sr., a professional composer, and his mother, Sara Jeffery. Milton had numerous siblings. He was only survived by three of them; however, some of them died at young ages. During Milton’s writing years, he wrote many pamphlets based on political, religious, populism, and educational topics. However, Milton’s m ain focus, thoughRead More Mary Shelleys Frankenstein and John Miltons Paradise Lost Essay1685 Words   |  7 Pagesand John Miltons Paradise Lost â€Å"Forth reaching to the Fruit, She pluck’d, she eat:/ Earth felt the wound, and Nature from her seat/ Sighing through all her Works gave signs of woe,/ That all was lost [†¦]† (PL 8. 781-784) In the gothic novel Frankenstein, Mary Shelley weaves an intricate web of allusions through her characters’ expedient desires for knowledge. Both the actions of Frankenstein, as well as his monster allude to John Milton’s Paradise Lost. BookRead MoreSatan Is Evil Or Evil?1330 Words   |  6 Pagesvery different beliefs. Throughout literature, Satan has been represented as the evillest entity to ever have existed, but Satan is not truly as evil as he is portrayed because he is more of an anti-hero or Byronic Hero in texts such as John Milton’s Paradise Lost as well as other academic scholars arguments, rather than being a complete antagonist. According to the Christian’s perspective of the Bible, before Adam and Eve, God made the angels. The most beautiful angel God made was named LuciferRead MoreThe story of Paradise Lost by John Milton details disobedience and the fall of mankind from God’s900 Words   |  4 PagesThe story of Paradise Lost by John Milton details disobedience and the fall of mankind from God’s grace. God preordained all that was and all that will be following his creation. The poems major themes are the obedience to God, the nature of the universe and ultimately the fall of mankind. These themes will be further explained thru Milton’s explanation of light and darkness. Milton’s conversations between Satan, Beelzebub, Adam and Eve illustrate the difference between their conflicting views on

Is Frankensteins creation is a creature or a monster Essay Example For Students

Is Frankensteins creation is a creature or a monster? Essay The main focus in this story is the decision as to whether Frankensteins creation is a creature or a monster. Mary Shelleys use of language gives the reader contrasting feelings of hatred and sympathy throughout the novel.  When the creature is first created the setting is presented as a dreary night of November. The weather is an indicator of what is going to happen. Bleak, dark dreary and cold as it is November. This is much like what the creatures heart turns out to be. You feel a lot sympathy towards the creature when he is created; Frankenstein describes him as a catastrophe and Shelley emphasises how disappointed he was at his creation. It is significant that hed chosen all these body parts that he thought were beautiful but in realising his dream they turn out to be repulsive looking. Shelley is trying to show that its a person as a whole thats beautiful, not individual parts. They need to build up their personality and depth to their person over time and need to grow and learn, not just be made as an adult. Frankenstein doesnt allow the creature to do this; he doesnt even listen to him. Frankenstein worked hard for two years for the sole purpose of infusing life into his creation. It is ironic that in order to bring this new being to life, Frankenstein had to stop is. Frankensteins heart was filled with breathless horror and disgust. This was probably passed onto the creature. If he saw Frankenstein showing disgust towards him then the creature would probably feel disgusting and worthless and this isnt a very strong basis for a good life. The creatures life started off with regret at him being born but also ended with regret after what hed done. A modern reader would know that research shows that children who neglected have a strong possibility of becoming a dysfunctional adult.  Frankenstein uses lots of contrasting images of love and death kiss on her lips became lived with the hue of death. This is an indication that what was supposed to be beautiful turned out evil.  It is significant that the creature looks at Frankenstein with a grin wrinkled on his cheeks; because the creature is smiling at what he thinks of as his father.  Frankenstein refers to it as the daemonical corpse and the creature would have felt alone, rejected and probably very resentful towards Frankenstein. Frankensteins pulse beat so quickly and hard that he felt the palpitation of every artery. Its as if he was feeling his own blood and his creations blood flowing through his veins, always reminding him of what hes done.  Shelley presents the creation as a creature at this point; as vulnerable as a new born child. We feel very sorry for him because hes been rejected. At this point Frankenstein appears to be the monster because he is being callous turning his back on his responsibility. After Williams murder Frankenstein refers to William as a dear angel. This is ironic that Frankenstein who has tried to play God refers to his brother as an angel. Then the light illuminated the creation. We associate illumination with angels being lit so Shelley makes the reader think of who really is the angel? The words used make the creature seem like a monster at this point. She says it stole out of the gloom with its gigantic statue. This makes the creature seem monstrous because hes murdered William and the words in this section all have a semantic field of darkness and fear. Frankenstein says he thought the creature murdered William and no sooner did that idea cross my imagination than I became convinced it was true. This statement is generally what the whole book is about. The creature is being accused of something before anyone has actually got any proof, just because of the way he looks. .uc5e689b082203003727764898606ac15 , .uc5e689b082203003727764898606ac15 .postImageUrl , .uc5e689b082203003727764898606ac15 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uc5e689b082203003727764898606ac15 , .uc5e689b082203003727764898606ac15:hover , .uc5e689b082203003727764898606ac15:visited , .uc5e689b082203003727764898606ac15:active { border:0!important; } .uc5e689b082203003727764898606ac15 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uc5e689b082203003727764898606ac15 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uc5e689b082203003727764898606ac15:active , .uc5e689b082203003727764898606ac15:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uc5e689b082203003727764898606ac15 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uc5e689b082203003727764898606ac15 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uc5e689b082203003727764898606ac15 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uc5e689b082203003727764898606ac15 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uc5e689b082203003727764898606ac15:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uc5e689b082203003727764898606ac15 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uc5e689b082203003727764898606ac15 .uc5e689b082203003727764898606ac15-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uc5e689b082203003727764898606ac15:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Frankenstein by Mary Shelley and Benito Cereno by Herman Melville EssayThis is relevant to society today because we automatically associate certain people with certain things that happen. We generally assume working class people will have performed petty crimes compared to upper class people. Shelley made Frankenstein refer to the creature as the devil. This is a sharp contrast to calling William an angel. Shelley makes a reference to good and evil and makes it seem simple, but explores the idea that life isnt really as simple, but explores the idea that life isnt really as simple as this.  Frankenstein says he has been trying to forget what he created. Shelley makes thi s Frankensteins fault so Ive begin to feel sorry for creature because he didnt bring this on himself; he never asked to be created.

Produce a marketing strategy for a new or existing product Essay Example

Produce a marketing strategy for a new or existing product Essay In this unit I will need to produce a marketing strategy for a new or existing product. The company that I have chosen is boots. My strategy will need to include evidence and information about: * how the strategy is based on the principles of marketing * How I have used sources of primary and secondary marketing information * How I have analysed the impact of the external environment on your marketing decisions We will write a custom essay sample on Produce a marketing strategy for a new or existing product specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Produce a marketing strategy for a new or existing product specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Produce a marketing strategy for a new or existing product specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer * How I analysed the marketing context and decided on an appropriate strategy * How I have developed a coherent mix of strategies to meet consumer needs. I will also need to produce an oral presentation. First I will define what are marketing and its principles. Marketing is a way of advertising something. It is a way of thinking. Market The set of actual of potential users/customers. Market area A geographical area containing the customers/users of a particular firm/library for specific goods or services. Market demand The total volume of a product or service bought/used by specific groups of customers/users in a specified market area during a specified period. Market development Expanding the by present users. Market positioning total market served by 1) entering new segments, 2) converting nonusers, 3) increasing use Positioning refers to the users perceptions of the place a product or brand occupies in a market segment. Or how the company/librarys offering is differentiated from the competitions. Market profile A breakdown of a facilitys market area according to income, demography, and life style Market research The systematic gathering, recording and analysing of data with respect to a particular market, where market refers to a specific user group in a specific geographic area. Market segmentation The process of subdividing a market into distinct subsets of users that behave in the same way or have similar needs. Segments for the library could be demographic (Asian); geographic (branch-level); psychographics (leisure-oriented); customer size (largest user group area); benefits (have children in the home learning to read.) Market share A proportion of the total sales/use in a market obtained by a given facility or chain. Marketing The process of planning and executing the conception, pricing, promotion, and distribution of ideas, goods, and services to create exchanges that satisfy individual and organizational goals. Marketing channel A set of institutions necessary to transfer the title to goods and to move goods from the point of consumption. (Vendors, publishers, library facilities.) Marketing mix The mix of controllable variables that the firm/library uses to reach desired use/sales level in target market, including price, product, place and promotion- 4 Ps. Marketing opportunity An attractive arena of relevant marketing action in which a particular organization is likely to enjoy a superior and competitive advantage. Marketing plan a document composed of an analysis of the current marketing situation, opportunities and threats, analysis, marketing objectives, marketing strategy, action programs, and projected income statement Marketing is the management process that is responsible for identifying products that would be likely to make a profit when sold and then selling these products to customers. Marketing finds out what consumers want and then attempts to meet those needs, at a profit. It a can also be defined as getting the right product to the right place at the right time. It is not the same as selling- that is making people buy what youve got. Marketing is making people want what youve got. The aim of marketing is to make selling superfluous. The aim is to know and understand the customer so well that the product or service sells itself. When marketing a product you need to consider the 4 ps. Getting the mix right is essential to successfully market your product. The four Ps are: * Product- can be a good or service. In competitive markets, businesses have to be customer driven. They may use types of product differentiation (e.g. package design and/or a brand name) in an attempt to convince potential customers that their good or service is different from competitors products. The four types of products are: 1. Star High share of market in the growth stage of the product life cycle. -Requires significant injections of capital to finance the rapid growth. -May have negative cash flows but seen as having potential for high sales, and profit. 2. Cash Cow -High markets share, bringing in high sales revenue, cash flows and (usually) profit. -No market growth likely. -Product may have a personality/image in the market. -The large amounts of cash bought in can be used to subsidise stars. 3. Problem Child -Low share of a market with high potential for growth. -Relatively large injections of finance needed (as with stars). -Uncertainty about future sales revenue, cash flow and profit. -Decision needed on whether or not to halt production, or (if possible) to sell a brand. 4. Dog -Not going anywhere- no growth potential. -Any profit has to be reinvested just to maintain market share. -Identify and remove from the product portfolio. * Price- setting the right price for a product is a crucial aspect of marketing. There are short-and long-term objectives to be considered when pricing goods or services e.g. survival may become the priority in a recession, and imply low prices to maintain some sales and cash flow. Economic theory assumes that a price will be determined by market forces reaching equilibrium. The economic environment. A business may simply have to try and match the market price/going-rate for its products, or may have some control over its prices. * Place- Making goods available to users/consumers involves two main decisions: 1. Method of Transport-Depends on the type of goods. There will be several factors, e.g. most rail journeys also involving road transport, and whether a business should have its own fleet of road vehicles. 2. Channel Of Distribution-The procedure, or channel management required getting a product to the customers. The traditional channel includes using the wholesaler, but there are other possible channels. * Promotion-The overall objective of promotion is ensuring the survival and the growth of a business through an increase in long-term demand for its product(s). Selling will be the outcome of successful promotion. Market research is the collecting of data, the aim of which is to understand better what is happening in the marketing place, as the marketing department of a firm needs to know about consumers views and economic trends. Primary data is data you have gathered yourself, whereas secondary data is somebody elses data you use. Market research involves doing market research on customers, analysing their needs, and then making strategic decisions about product design, pricing, promotion and distribution. The purpose of market research is to provide information on particular market to those managers responsible for the firms marketing strategy, about what people want-a particular group of potential customers will need to be targeted. Data can be: * Primary- i.e. collected for a specific purpose. It will involve either a census (of every person in an area) or sampling (of a subset of the population). or * Secondary-i.e. Used for another purpose besides the original one. It could be internal data (from within the organisation, e.g. employee details or costings), or external data (e.g. from a government department, a newspaper, the TUC or the CBI). And. * Quantitative- i.e. in the form of numbers, e.g. showing the market share of different businesses, or the number of adults who will have seen a particular advertisement on television. Or * Qualitative- i.e. without, e.g. giving the motives for customers buying, or not buying, a particular product. In most cases market research will involve choosing a sample to represent the whole target group. The larger the sample, the more accurate the results will be, but costs will also be greater- a full national census costs millions of pounds, e.g. Random sampling is where every member of the target group/population has an equal chance of being chosen to provide responses. Computers might do the random selection. Systematic sampling involves selecting, for example, every 10th item or person from a list of the target group. Stratified sampling identifies distinguishable subgroups in the total group, then a certain number of members of each subgroup are chosen (at random). Cluster sampling involves selecting a geographical area, and then all the members of that local group/population are sampled, e.g. a sample of small retailers in a particular town. Field or primary research is when new data is obtained for a specific purpose, this can be provided by the marketing department of a firm. Data is usually gathered by surveys, (face-to-face, telephone, or by post). An advantage of field research is that the firm can have control over the whole process, and it can be more effective, but it does take longer and will cost the firm more. Desk or secondary research is the use of existing, already collected data. This could be anything from department of trade and industry reports to a companys sale statistics. Also company reports, government statistics, and surveys published by research organisations can be used as secondary sources of information. Desk research is quicker and cheaper than field research, but findings are not necessarily accurate or always relevant to your product. Marketing principles, there are many priorities within an organisation, but if it is truly marketing oriented, many of the following principles will be high on its agenda. Market research must establish whether current products or services satisfy customers expectations. Anticipating the future and forecasting tomorrows customer needs and expectations is the task of marketing research. This is very vital. Generating income or profit clearly states that the need of the organisation is either to be profitable or to generate as much income as possible e.g. likes a charity. Satisfactory growth can be achieved by entering new markets or creating a new product or both. Having a clear plan is essential for an organisation. The whole emphasis of the planning process is for the organisation to think customer and think marketing. The PEST analysis examines changes in a market place caused by political, economic, technological factors. Any organisation unaware of what is going on in the business world will risk being outmanoeuvred. Changes in the law will add to uncertainties. Statue law like the consumer protection law, and the voluntary agreements like the moni toring of advertising standards authority. Clearly understanding who the competition is and what benefits they are offering are essential for an organisation. Principles can be arranged into three categories: * Needs of the customer * Needs of the organisation * Influence of the market Businesses use the abbreviation SMART to shape their objectives. SMART stands for Specific, Measurable, Achievable, Realistic Time constrained. There are many types of business objectives in the private sector, depending on the business situation and their general direction in the market, they are as follows: 1) Survival When a business is in its early stages then it will want to survive, it will shape its objectives to make trading easier and maximise profits. Another threat to a business survival is corporate takeover; to prevent this a business would have to reshape their objectives. 2) Profit Maximisation This is exactly as it sounds, for many reasons a business will need to maximise profits and to do this suitable objectives will have to be drawn up. Some business may choose to go for long-term profit maximisation to ensure that they make lots of money and can therefore expand. 3) Satisfying This is an objective that maximises profit to the owners; it might not give the maximum profit that is possible to achieve. 4) Growth These objectives increase the growth of the business so that the workers, managers and directors can benefit. 5) Promotion of image Relationships with customers and employees is key in a modern business and so a company is ever vigilant of how it appears to these people. For a company o is better that the competition it is important that they have the correct image and a better one than the competition. Objectives can be shaped to develop good relations and treat employees well. Boots is a public limited company; they are included in the FTSE 100 stock exchange. Boots main business activity is retailing also they provide many other services such as: à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Boots Opticians à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Boots Dental care à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Boots Foot care à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Health Beauty Services à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Boots Hearing care à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Insurance Services ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANIES 1. Liability is, in the vast majority of cases, strictly limited to the investments made by the shareholders. 2. Company Officers are not personally liable for their actions unless, in most instances, there is a clear and serious breach of their fiduciary duty. 3. Ironically, despite the limited liability, such entities often benefit from greater prestige than their sole proprietorship or partnership counterparts. The reason is probably because such an enterprise normally requires more planning and thus is deemed more credible. 4. They often benefit from significant tax advantages. In fact, many countries around the world give exclusive tax incentives to this type of entity. 5. The rights of shareholders are normally clearly defined and protected. 6. Corporate taxes only become payable after the end of the financial year. This means that money that would otherwise be taxed on a monthly or quarterly basis is available to earn further money before the final payment of tax. DISADVANTAGES 1. In larger companies shareholders often lose direct control over their investment. 2. Limited liability companies generally require the appointment of accountants, auditors and professional company secretaries. This means that such a structure is often more expensive to maintain than simple sole proprietorships or partnerships. 3. Certain professional bodies, especially those representing the legal and medical fields, do not allow members to register a limited liability company. In many instances, this denial has resulted in very high indemnity insurance. Aims Objectives The Boots Company intends to become the leader in wellbeing products and services in the UK and overseas. Simplify the business to focus on what we are best at. We should be a market leader, in health care, beauty care, and general fitness. We need to create more wellbeing related brands. Keep building our international health care and retail business. The objectives above mean that, first of all the Boots Company the leader in wellbeing products and services in the UK and overseas this means that they want to be the market leaders from their competitors who are Super drug, and for their retail range, GAP. They want to simplify the business to focus what they are best at, health and beauty; this means that they want to focus more on their beauty products such as No7. Also the want to be a market leader in, health care, beauty care, and general fitness, this is because Boots believes that wellbeing products are starting to focus now on health care and related areas. Also they want to create more wellbeing products because they want to be market leaders in wellbeing, this will not be cheap for them, but they well have to protect profits by relentlessly cutting costs. Also they want to keep building their international health care because the want to be market leaders around the world. The Boots Company have simplified the business organisational structure; during the year they have integrated their business as Boots Retail, with Boots Retail International as its overseas extension. This is saving Boots costs and them more a swift organisation. For example they have moved from three separate property departments to one; from 100 construction suppliers to seven; and from 14 internal IT groups to one. The have accelerated the transformation of their UK presence. They are positioning Boots as the leader in wellbeing services, as well as products. By the year-end of 2001 they had 297 Boots optician stores, 54 Dental care practices, 44 Foot care practices, 47 Hearing care centres, 22 Laser hair removal clinics, ten Health Beauty Services centres offering a wide range of therapies and treatments. This is telling us that Boots is very serious to becoming the leader in wellbeing services and products. Sales à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½M231.0Operating loss (33.1) Boots have stepped-up the pace at Boots Healthcare International. Clearasil, acquired in December 2000 was the driving force behind BHIs 12.5% sales growth last year. They also integrated the brand smoothly, turned its sales from decline to growth, and used it to open the door for local businesses to the huge US over-the-counter markets. South Asia, in Thailand, like for like their sales grew by 2.2%, focusing the offer much more on Boots brands and therefore driving up the margin, generated an even strong like for like gross profit growth. Europe, in Netherlands, sales of No7, grew in line with expectations as gained national distribution. This tells us that in the two continents where Boots is located they are making profits and they are successful, and they are keeping building their International business. This tells us that in the two continents where Boots is located they are making profits and they are successful, and they are keeping building their International business. Boots Retail International Sales à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½M40.3Decrease % (4.3) Loss à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½M (before expectations)(24.Increase %44.5 To develop an appropriate marketing strategy would involve creating a link between the external environment and the internal strengths of Boots. SWOT analysis is the focus upon the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats facing a business internally and externally. To enable a SWOT analysis to be carried out, research into Boots current and future positions need to be completed. This would result in building upon its strengths, minimise its weaknesses, seized its opportunities and cancel out the threats. STRENGTHS à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Large established business à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Good reputation à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Wide portfolio of products à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Good advertising (Coronation St) à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Large target market OPPORTUNITIES à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Sponsorship for sporting events à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Diversify into a different market à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Expand Nationally à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Promote using large marketing strategies THREATS à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Cadburys main competitor launching a new product à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ More companies diversifying into the cosmetics market à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ A large price war, taking Boots off the market WEAKNESSES à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Unmotivated staff in the work place à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Too big a demand for a particular product PEST is split into four categories, political, economic, social and technological influences, which are all external factors. A PEST analysis identifies what external factors are going to affect Boots in the coming months and years. POLITICAL business decisions which are influenced by political and legal decisions. à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Political decisions can affect Boots for the good and the bad, because if taxes increase, therefore consumers decrease and sales of stock decrease. However if taxes decrease the likelihood is consumers will buy more. à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Laws can also change Boots income because if a law was brought out, that you could only work 9.00am 5.00pm. ECONOMIC influenced by domestic economic policies and world economic trends. à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ The interest rates can affect Boots because if the interest rates were high then Boots would not want to borrow as much money for expansion. Also if consumers had loans they would again have less disposable income to but luxury items. à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ If the minimum wage was brought down, this would mean more money for Boots but would also result in low sales from the consumers. à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ The government can also raise taxes, which would bring a stand still to the sales of cosmetics. SOCIAL -close analysis of society à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ If Boots do not control their pollution levels or have big buildings destroying the landscape with noise and traffic congestion, then the local residents would complain to their local council resulting to possible incentives for bringing in jobs for the community being stopped. à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ On the other hand local residents with small businesses near to Boots would benefit due to the money being brought in by tourists. TECHNOLOGICAL developments in manufacturing and business processes. à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Cost of machinery. à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ New machinery à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Maintenance à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Training for advancing IT à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Upgrading old machines to improve the company à ¯Ã‚ ¿Ã‚ ½ Advances of transport of goods/cost/lorries Boots Mission Statement is: Our mission is to grow our business profitably so that we are: A leading player in our chosen markets by size, ranking, regard or influence. A natural choice for customers and intermediaries- positively regarded, attractive and competitive. A challenge to our competitors creditable, effective and respected. Mohammed Shaqeeb 13ADO